Ithihasaya Wenas Kala Chayarupa

b;sydih fjkia l< PdhdrEm
w;S;fha úúO wjia:dj,§ .kq ,enQ we;eï PdhdrEm wkd.; mrïmrdj,g iod wur”h u;lhla ,nd§ug fya;=jQ wjia:d b;sydifhka jd¾;d fõ' fuu PdhdrEm wogo iqúfYaIS jkafka tajdfhka ksrEmKh jk ixfõ§ isÿùï ksid fukau tajd PdhdrEmhg ke.=Kq wyUq wdldrh;a" we;eïúg tajd bka ksrEmKh jk mqoa.,hdf.a
urKhg fudfyd;lg fmr wyïfnka fuka .kq ,enqKQ tajd;a jk ksidh'

óg wu;rj kQ;k PdhdrEm Ys,amh Ndú;hg meñ”ug fmr wkshï wdldrj,ska .kq ,enQ PdhdrEmo fjhs' fïjd fulS fkdlS ishÆ ldrKd ksid ft;sydisl PdhdrEm .Kfhys,d ie,flk tajdh' fuu ,smsfhka f.fkkafka b;sydifha ku /ka¥ tn÷ iqúfYaIS PdhdrEm lsysmhla ms<sn|jh'

óg wu;rj kQ;k PdhdrEm Ys,amh Ndú;hg meñ”ug fmr wkshï wdldrj,ska .kq ,enQ PdhdrEmo fjhs' fïjd fulS fkdlS ishÆ ldrKd ksid ft;sydisl PdhdrEm .Kfhys,d ie,flk tajdh' fuu ,smsfhka f.fkkafka b;sydifha ku /ka¥ tn÷ iqúfYaIS PdhdrEm lsysmhla ms<sn|jh'

merKsu PdhdrEmh

 

1826 § ksfif*d¾ ksmafia úiska m%xYfha§ .kq ,enQ fuu PdhdrEmh oekg mj;sk merKsu PdhdrEmh f,i ie,fla' meh wgl ld,hla ysre t<shg ksrdjrKhfldg ;nd ilid .kq ,enQ fuu PdhdrEmh kQ;k PdhdrEm Ys,amh Ndú;hg meñ”ug fmr ysret<sh wdOdrfhka tkï yS,sfhda.%e*s l%ufõoh Ndú;fhka .kq ,enQjls'

.,a lvk orefjda

1910 § wefußldfõ fmksis,afõkshd m%dka;fha§ Æúia yhska úiska .kq ,enQ .,awÛqre lvk orejkaf.a fuu PdhdrEmho iqúfYaIS jkafka th wefußldfjka <ud lïlre fiajh uq,skqmqgd oeóug fya;=jQ ksihs' tl, mdIdKj,ska .,awÛqre lvd fjka lsÍug <uqka iq,nj fhdod .;af;a <ud Y%uh iQrd lEug ,lalrñks'

meßia kqjr isß krUk ysÜ,¾

wefvd,a*a ysÜ,¾f.a kÜis yuqodj m%xYfha meßia kqjr ish;g .ekSfuka miq ish .Dyks¾udK Ys,amshd jQ we,anÜ iamsh¾ iu. tys úis;=re keröug .sh ysÜ,¾f.a fuu ft;sydisl PdhdrEmh 1940 cqks 23od .kq ,enQjls'

úksÜidfõ wjika hqfoõjd 

altkÜis fin<l=f.a PdhdrEm we,anuhl ;sì fidhd.;a fuu PdhdrEmh kïfldg ;snqfKao by; kñks' 1941 § hqlaf¾kfha úksÜid kqjr§ .;a ñka ksrEmKh jkafka tu m%foaYfha isá wjika hqfoõjdh' tao Tyqf.a urKhg iq¿ fudfyd;lg fmr .kq ,enQjls' ysÜ,¾f.a md,k iufha§ úksÜid kqjr isá úiswgoyila jQ ishÆu hqfoõjka iuQ, >d;kh flreKq w;r fï tf,i >d;khg ,lajQ wjika hqfoõjdh'

fÉ f.jdrdf.a isrer

 iqm%lg ud¾laiajd§ úma,jjdÈhl= jk fÉ f.jdrd w;awvx.=jg f.k Tyq urd oeuQ fnd,súhdkq yuqodj fuf,i Tyqf.a isrer PdhdrEmhg ke.=fõ udlaiajd§ ùrhd ñh.sh nj Tyqf.a mdlaIslhskag ielhlska f;drj ;yjqre lsÍughs' 1976 § isÿjQ fÉ f.a >d;kh ,;ska wefußldfõ fukau iuia; ;=kajk f,dalfhau tl, mej;s úma,ùh iudcjd§ l%shdj,shg ure myrla jQ w;r fuu PdhdrEmfhka isysm;a lrkafka thhs'

i| u; m<uq md igyk

 1969 cq,s 20 od ñksia b;sydifha wur”h jd¾;djla msysgqjñka kS,a wdïiafg%daka.a i| u; m<uq jrg md ;enQ ñksid njg m;ajQ w;r tu md igyk fuf,i PdhdrEmhg ke.=fõ nia ´,aã¾ka úisks' udkj jxYl;dfõ tu wisßu;a isÿùug idlaIs orñka tu mshigyk ;j;a jir ñ,shk .Kkla i| u; fkduelS mj;skq we;af;a tys mdßißl fjkiaùï isÿ fkdjk ksidh 

;shdkfuka p;=ri%h

 1989 Ökfha ;shdkfuka p;=ri%fha§ isÿjQ YsIH le/,a, ksrEmKh lrk m%lgu PdhdrEmh f,i ie,flk ñka Èia jkafka ;uka bÈßhg tk yuqod r:fm< wjysr lrñka fkdìhj ta bÈßfha isgf.k isák fhdjqka YsIHfhls' ;uka bÈßfha jk wk;=ßka Èú .,jd .ekSug fudyq iu;a jqj;a bkamiqj yg.;a le/,a, u¾okhg Ök yuqodj .;a wkqlïmd úrys; W;aiyfha§ p;=ri%h ks¾fodaIs;ajfha reêrfhka keyeù .sfha ñksia b;sydifha ;j;a tla Åfojdplhla igyka lrñks'

.scq,sysKshd yd orejd

flúka ldg¾ úiska ol=Kq iqvdkfha§ .kq ,enQ fuu PdhdrEmh miqj Tyqg mq,sÜh¾ iïudkh muKla fkdj urKho f.ktaug iu;a jQjls' l=i.skafkka ydu;aj isák orefjl= f.dÿre lr .ekSfï n,d‍fmdfrd;a;=fjka Tyq wi, ,e. isák .scq,sysKshl= ksrEmKh jk fuu PdhdrEmh ldg¾f.a isf;a fl;rï le<öula we;s l<doh;a iïudkh ysñ ùfuka miq Tyqj ish Èú kid .ekSug fm<Uùug ;rï ta m%n, úh' orejdf.a Ôú;h .,jd .ekSug ;ukag yelshdj ;sìh§;a tfia fkdlsÍu iïnkaOfhka ldg¾ ish Ôú; ld,h mqrdjgu oeä fia miq;eú,s jQ w;r Tyqj ishÈú kid .ekSug fm<UjQfhao tu miq;eú,af,ka yg.;a fõokdjh'

Tudrd iekafIia

fulaisfldafõ fkjdvd fv,a rehsia .sks lkao mqmqrd hdu;a iu. úkdY jQ ish ksjfia iqkanqkaj,g isrjQ oy;=ka yeúßÈ Tuhsrd iekafIiag ÿIalr jQ f;Èkl ld,hla ish f., olajd c,h msreKq Èhj<l .; lsÍug isÿj ;sìKs' oeä fõokdjla ú¢ñka isá oeßh .,jd .ekSug iyk fiajlhska oerE W;aiyh wid¾:l úh' weh ñhhdug meh lsysmhlg fmr *%Ekala *¾ksh¾ úiska .kq ,enQ fuu PdhdrEmh f,dj mqrd ixfõ§ is;a we;a;jqkaf.a fk;a lffjKs f;;a lsÍug fya;= úh'

2001 ksõfhdala m%ydrh

wefußldkq cd;sl PdhdrEm Ys,amshl= jk ßpâ vD úiska fuu PdhdrEmh .kq ,enqfõ 2001 iema;eïn¾ 11od ksõfhdala f,dal fj<| uOHia:dkhg t,a,jQ ;%ia; m%ydrh w;r;=f¾§hs' f.dvke.s,a,g t,a,jQ m%ydrh;a iu. Ôú;dYdj mrhd ke.=Kq ìh yuqfõ f.dvke.s,a‍f,a by<u uy,l isg msg;g mksk mqoa.,fhl= ñka ksrEmKh fõ'

^m%shka;s reo%s.=&
Wmqgd .ekSu : ,laìu